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eBook details

• Title: Diaphragm Paralysis, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
• Author : Kenneth Kee
• Release Date : January 29, 2020
• Genre: Medical,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 455 KB

Description

This book describes Diaphragm Paralysis, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

The diaphragm is a muscular sheet that separates the chest and abdominal cavities.

This muscle is regulated by the phrenic nerve.

The diaphragm is an important part of the breathing process.

Similar to any other part of the body, the diaphragm can too get paralyzed or injured due to a range of causes present.

Since diaphragm has an important part in the breathing process, a diaphragm paralysis may produce difficulty in breathing.

Diaphragm paralysis does not produce the breathing to stop completely as there are other muscles near the diaphragm which help in breathing but the breathing in such cases is very labored since these other muscles are not as physically powerful as the diaphragm.

Diaphragm paralysis is rare.

Whether the paralysis happens in one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) sides of the diaphragm, all patients will have some quantity of reduction in lung capacity.

Unilateral diaphragm paralysis often has no symptoms.

If unilateral diaphragm paralysis happens in patients with significant heart or lung disorders, symptoms can become present.

Diaphragm paralysis may be unilateral or bilateral meaning that either one side of the diaphragm becomes paralyzed or both sides of the diaphragm become paralyzed.

If diaphragm paralysis is unilateral then the disorder is not quite severe and the patient may still able to function, and it does not produce any dangerous symptoms.

In cases where there is bilateral diaphragm paralysis then the symptom start is quite rapid and it is indicated as an emergency situation needing immediate treatment before the patient enters into respiratory distress which may in turn be fatal for the patient.

Bilateral diaphragm paralysis may be further complicated by the evidence of certain other underlying illnesses which may produce respiratory failure.

Breathing difficulties are most serious with bilateral diaphragm paralysis.

The movement of the diaphragm below the lungs makes the breathing process possible.

Contraction of the diaphragm muscle induces expansion of the lungs by producing negative pressure around them.

The expansion of the lungs draws air into the lungs, resulting in the inspiration phase of the breathing cycle.

Relaxation of the diaphragm muscle decreases the negative pressure around the lungs, causing elastic recoil of the lungs back to their original sizes.

This thrusts the air out of the lungs, resulting in the expiration phase of the breathing cycle.

The contractions and relaxations of the diaphragm are regulated by nerve signals emanating from the respiratory centers present in the brain.

These signals are transmitted to the diaphragm by the phrenic nerve.

Damage to the phrenic nerve can cause diaphragm paralysis.

Since diaphragm has a critical part in the breathing process, the paralysis of this muscular sheet can affect (and even stop) the breathing process

Breathing may not stop completely and immediately with a diaphragm paralysis.

Other accessory breathing muscles that help in the breathing process can still allow a person to breathe.

The breathing in these cases will be highly labored since the accessory muscles are not as strong as the diaphragm.

The main causes of diaphragm paralysis can be categorized:

1. Diseases involving the nerves
a. Tumors
b. Cervical radiculopathy
c. Shingles
d. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
e. Multiple sclerosis
f. Trauma or surgery

2. Diseases affecting the muscles
Some disorders are polymyositis, muscular dystrophy and direct injury to the diaphragm muscle

CT scan can diagnose diaphragm paralysis

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Diaphragm Paralysis
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Spinal Cord Injury
Chapter 8 Respiratory Failure
Epilogue

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